Nursing Code of Ethics

Jan 24, 2024

19 Min Read

1. What is the purpose of the Nursing Code of Ethics?

The Nursing Code of Ethics serves as a guide for ethical decision-making and professional behavior in the nursing profession. It sets forth the ethical obligations and standards of conduct that nurses must adhere to in order to provide safe, compassionate, and knowledgeable care to their patients. It also serves to protect the rights and dignity of patients, promote trust in the nursing profession, and maintain high standards of professionalism. Furthermore, it outlines the responsibilities of nurses to society, including advocating for social justice and promoting access to quality healthcare for all individuals.

2. How does the Nursing Code of Ethics impact patient care?


The Nursing Code of Ethics is a set of guiding principles for ethical and professional conduct expected of nurses in their practice. It outlines the fundamental values, responsibilities, and obligations that nurses must adhere to while providing patient care. The impact of the Nursing Code of Ethics on patient care can be seen in various ways:

1. Promotes ethical decision-making: The Nursing Code of Ethics provides a framework for nurses to make ethical decisions based on core values such as compassion, integrity, and autonomy. This helps nurses to navigate challenging situations and make decisions that are in the best interest of their patients.

2. Ensures patient safety: The code requires nurses to prioritize the safety and well-being of their patients above all else. Nurses are accountable for ensuring that all aspects of patient care are delivered safely and with high quality standards.

3. Establishes trust: Adhering to the Nursing Code of Ethics builds trust between patients and healthcare providers. Patients feel confident knowing that their nurse is following a set standard of conduct and is committed to providing safe and ethical care.

4. Protects patient rights: The code emphasizes the importance of respecting patients’ rights, including the right to privacy, informed consent, and confidentiality. This ensures that patients are treated with dignity and respect while receiving care.

5. Fosters a culture of professionalism: By setting high standards for nursing practice, the code promotes professionalism among nurses. This includes maintaining competence through continuing education, being accountable for one’s actions, and collaborating with other healthcare professionals in the best interest of the patient.

6. Guides relationships with colleagues: The Nursing Code of Ethics also guides interactions between nurses themselves as well as with other healthcare team members. It promotes respectful communication, collaboration, and conflict management to provide quality care to patients.

In summary, the Nursing Code of Ethics plays an important role in promoting ethical practice and ensuring high-quality patient care by guiding nurse’s actions and decisions toward ethical responsibility towards their patients.

3. What are the ethical principles outlined in the Nursing Code of Ethics?


The ethical principles outlined in the Nursing Code of Ethics include:

1. Respect for Autonomy: This principle recognizes that patients have the right to make their own decisions about their health care and should be given the necessary information and support to do so.

2. Beneficence: Nurses have a duty to do good for their patients and promote their well-being.

3. Non-maleficence: Nurses must avoid causing harm or harmfully manipulating patients.

4. Justice: This principle outlines the fair and equal distribution of resources and healthcare services, regardless of a patient’s personal characteristics, social status, or ability to pay.

5. Veracity: Nurses have an ethical obligation to be honest with patients and provide them with accurate information.

6. Fidelity: Nurses must demonstrate loyalty, respect and commitment towards their patients by keeping their promises and maintaining confidentiality.

7. Confidentiality: Patients have a right to privacy and nurses are expected to protect their personal information unless required by law or professional duty.

8. Accountability: This principle emphasizes the responsibility of nurses to be accountable for their actions and decisions made in providing patient care.

9. Ethical Collaboration: Nurses should collaborate with other healthcare team members, patients, families, and communities while respecting individual values, beliefs, and needs.

10. Professional Boundaries: To maintain professionalism in nurse-patient relationships, nurses are responsible for setting appropriate boundaries that ensure mutual respect and avoid conflicts of interest.

4. How does the Nursing Code of Ethics address issues of patient autonomy and informed consent?


The Nursing Code of Ethics addresses issues of patient autonomy and informed consent in several ways:

1. Respect for the Patient: The code emphasizes that nurses should respect the inherent worth, dignity, and uniqueness of every individual. This includes respecting a patient’s right to make decisions about their own healthcare.

2. Collaboration: The code encourages nurses to collaborate with patients in their care and treatment plans. This requires open communication and involves the patient in decision-making processes.

3. Informed Consent: Nurses have a duty to ensure that patients have all the information they need to make informed decisions about their healthcare. This includes providing them with details about benefits, risks, alternatives, and potential outcomes of any proposed procedures or treatments.

4. Advocacy: Nurses are advocates for their patients’ rights, including the right to autonomy and informed consent. If a patient is not able to make their own decisions, nurses have a responsibility to advocate for them or involve an appropriate surrogate decision-maker.

5. Confidentiality: Patients have a right to privacy and confidentiality regarding their medical information. Nurses must protect this right by only sharing information with consent from the patient or as allowed by law.

6. Legal Obligations: The Nursing Code of Ethics also highlights the legal obligations nurses have when it comes to patient autonomy and informed consent. This includes complying with laws related to obtaining informed consent and adhering to institutional policies and procedures.

Overall, the Nursing Code of Ethics promotes a nurse-patient relationship based on mutual respect, collaboration, advocacy, and ethical decision-making that supports patients’ autonomous choices regarding their healthcare.

5. Are there any conflicts between the Nursing Code of Ethics and other healthcare codes or laws?


Yes, there may be conflicts between the Nursing Code of Ethics and other healthcare codes or laws. For example, a law regarding mandatory reporting of certain medical conditions may conflict with a nurse’s ethical obligation to maintain confidentiality and protect patient privacy. Similarly, laws that limit access to certain treatments or medications may conflict with a nurse’s ethical duty to advocate for the best interests of their patients. In these situations, nurses must use their professional judgment and communication skills to navigate these conflicts while upholding their ethical obligations.

6. How does the Nursing Code of Ethics promote professional integrity in nursing practice?


The Nursing Code of Ethics promotes professional integrity in nursing practice by outlining the ethical responsibilities and standards that every nurse should uphold. These include:

1. Respect for human dignity: The code emphasizes the importance of respecting the inherent worth and uniqueness of each individual, regardless of their age, gender, race, religion, or health status.

2. Commitment to patient care: Nurses are expected to provide safe, compassionate, and holistic care to their patients. This includes advocating for their rights and needs, maintaining confidentiality, and ensuring informed decision-making.

3. Role as patient advocates: Nurses have a duty to speak up for patients’ best interests and act as their advocates when they are unable to express their needs themselves.

4. Maintaining confidentiality: Nurses are entrusted with sensitive personal information about patients and must ensure it is kept confidential at all times.

5. Accountability: The code stresses the importance of taking responsibility for one’s actions and outcomes of nursing practice. This includes acknowledging mistakes made and making efforts to correct them.

6. Ethical decision-making: Nurses are expected to use ethical principles such as autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice, and fidelity to guide their decision-making process.

7. Integrity in relationships: The code highlights the significance of maintaining professional boundaries with patients and colleagues while fostering collaborative relationships based on mutual respect.

Overall, the Nursing Code of Ethics serves as a guide for nurses to maintain high levels of professional integrity in their practice by adhering to ethical standards and principles that promote patient well-being. It also helps to establish trust with patients, families, colleagues, and the public while upholding the reputation of nursing as a caring profession.

7. Can nurses be held accountable for violating the Nursing Code of Ethics?

Yes, nurses can be held accountable for violating the Nursing Code of Ethics. The Nursing Code of Ethics outlines the ethical principles and standards that all nurses are expected to adhere to in their professional practice. If a nurse fails to follow these ethical guidelines, they can face disciplinary action from their state board of nursing, including potential license suspension or revocation. In extreme cases, a nurse may also face legal consequences for violations that result in harm to a patient. It is important for nurses to understand and uphold the principles outlined in the Nursing Code of Ethics to protect both themselves and their patients.

8. How does the Nursing Code of Ethics address cultural and religious diversity in patient care?


The Nursing Code of Ethics outlines the fundamental values and commitments that all nurses are expected to uphold in their practice, including a commitment to providing culturally competent care. This means being respectful and sensitive to the cultural beliefs, practices, and needs of each individual patient.

Specifically, the Nursing Code of Ethics addresses cultural and religious diversity in patient care through the following statements:

1. Provision 1: The nurse’s primary commitment is to the patient, whether an individual, family, group, or community. This includes recognizing the diversity of patients’ cultural backgrounds and respecting their beliefs and practices.

2. Provision 2: The nurse promotes and advocates for the rights, health, and safety of patients. This includes advocating for culturally competent care that respects patients’ cultural and religious beliefs.

3. Provision 3: The nurse promotes a culture of safety by using appropriate communication techniques when interacting with diverse populations. This includes considering language barriers as well as cultural differences in nonverbal communication.

4. Provision 4: The nurse has authority, accountability, and responsibility for nursing practice; makes decisions; and takes action consistent with the obligation to provide optimal patient care based on ethical principles. This includes understanding how one’s own cultural background may influence patient interactions and taking steps to provide culturally sensitive care regardless.

5.Provision 5: The nurse owes the same duties to self as to others, including accountability for promoting health literacy and establishing relationships that are mutually beneficial. This includes actively educating oneself about different cultures and religions in order to better understand patients’ perspectives.

In summary, the Nursing Code of Ethics emphasizes the importance of respecting cultural diversity in patient care through advocacy, effective communication, cultural competence education, and self-awareness. It serves as a guide for nurses in delivering respectful and compassionate care that honors each individual’s unique beliefs and values.

9. Does the Nursing Code of Ethics apply to all types of nurses, including advanced practice nurses and nurse executives?

Yes, the Nursing Code of Ethics applies to all types of nurses, including advanced practice nurses and nurse executives. It is considered the standard of conduct for all members of the nursing profession and outlines ethical principles that are expected to be upheld in every nursing role. This includes upholding moral and ethical values, maintaining patient confidentiality, promoting professional development, and complying with laws and regulations. All nurses are accountable for adhering to the Nursing Code of Ethics regardless of their specific job title or role.

10. How often is the Nursing Code of Ethics updated or revised?


The Nursing Code of Ethics is typically revised every five years to reflect changes in the healthcare industry and evolving ethical standards.

11. Are there any specific guidelines for ethical decision-making in the Nursing Code of Ethics?


Yes, the Nursing Code of Ethics includes specific guidelines for ethical decision-making which are outlined in the nine provisions of the code. These guidelines include:

1. Respect for human dignity: Nurses must respect and protect the inherent worth and uniqueness of every individual.

2. Primacy of the patient’s interest: The nurse’s primary commitment is to promoting the health and well-being of patients and ensuring their safety.

3. Confidentiality: Nurses must maintain confidentiality of patient information unless required by law to disclose it or if there is a compelling reason to do so.

4. The right to self-determination: Patients have the right to make decisions about their own healthcare, and nurses should support them in this process.

5. Preservation of patient’s moral integrity: Nurses must respect patients’ values, beliefs, and choices regarding their health care.

6. Professional competence and accountability: Nurses have a responsibility to maintain professional knowledge, skills, and competencies necessary for safe and effective practice.

7. Collaboration with other healthcare professionals: Nurses must work collaboratively with other healthcare professionals to promote optimal health outcomes for patients.

8. Protection of patient rights: Nurses have a responsibility to advocate for patients’ rights, including their right to informed consent, privacy, and access to appropriate healthcare services.

9. Respect for diversity: Nurses must provide culturally sensitive care that respects the diversity of patients’ backgrounds and beliefs.

12. What resources are available for nurses who have questions about ethical dilemmas in their practice?


There are several resources available for nurses who have questions about ethical dilemmas in their practice including:

1. Professional Nursing Organizations: Professional nursing organizations such as the American Nurses Association (ANA) and specialty organizations often have resources and guidelines on ethical issues in nursing practice. They may also offer training, webinars, and workshops to help nurses understand ethical principles and apply them in their practice.

2. Code of Ethics for Nurses: The ANA has a Code of Ethics that outlines the standards of conduct that nurses should follow in their professional practice. This code can serve as a guide for nurses facing ethical dilemmas.

3. Healthcare Ethics Committees: Many healthcare facilities have ethics committees or consultation services that can provide guidance and support for nurses facing ethical challenges. These committees typically include members from different disciplines, including nursing, medicine, social work, and bioethics.

4. Bioethics Centers/Institutes: Some academic institutions or independent bioethics centers/institutes also offer educational resources, consultations, and forums for discussing ethical issues in healthcare.

5. Ethical Decision-Making Models: There are various models available to guide decision-making when confronted with an ethical dilemma. These models include the ANA’s “Framework for Ethical Analysis”, “The Four Principles Approach” by Beauchamp and Childress, and “Nine-Step Decision-Making Model” by Thompson.

6. Continuing Education Opportunities: Many healthcare organizations offer continuing education opportunities on ethics to help nurses stay updated on current ethical principles and challenges in healthcare.

7. State Boards of Nursing: State boards of nursing may have resources or guidelines to assist nurses in dealing with ethical dilemmas in their practice under state laws.

8. Legal Resources: Nurses must be aware of legal implications related to their decisions made during an ethical dilemma situation; hence they can seek legal consultation from lawyers or risk management departments at their workplace.

9. Mentors/Colleagues: It can be helpful to seek guidance and advice from more experienced colleagues or mentors who have dealt with similar ethical dilemmas in their practice.

10. Self-Reflection and Self-Care: Nurses can also take some time for self-reflection and self-care to understand their values, beliefs, and limitations. This can help nurses make decisions that align with their personal and professional values during an ethical dilemma situation.

13. Does adherence to the Nursing Code of Ethics vary among different healthcare settings or specialties?


Yes, adherence to the Nursing Code of Ethics may vary among different healthcare settings or specialties due to factors such as the specific ethical challenges and considerations in a particular setting or specialty, personal values and beliefs of the nurses in that setting, and differences in organizational culture and policies. For example, a nurse working in a speciality like oncology may face different ethical issues related to end-of-life care compared to a nurse working in pediatrics. Additionally, certain healthcare settings or specialties may have their own specific codes of ethics or guidelines that influence nurses’ ethical decision-making.

14. What measures are in place to enforce ethical standards outlined in the Nursing Code of Ethics?


1. Education and Training: Nurses are required to understand and adhere to the Nursing Code of Ethics. They receive education and training on ethical principles and standards during their nursing education programs and throughout their careers.

2. Regulatory Boards: Professional regulatory bodies, such as state boards of nursing, are responsible for enforcing the Nursing Code of Ethics. They can investigate complaints against nurses for possible ethical violations and take disciplinary action if necessary.

3. Ethical Guidelines: Many hospitals, healthcare organizations, and professional nursing associations have established specific ethical guidelines that outline expected behaviors and actions for nurses. These guidelines serve as a reference for nurses to ensure they are acting ethically in their practice.

4. Peer Review Processes: Nurses undergo peer review processes where other experienced nurses evaluate their practice based on ethical standards. This process helps identify any potential ethical concerns or violations and allows for corrective action to be taken if needed.

5. Reporting Systems: Some healthcare facilities have anonymous reporting systems in place where employees can report unethical behavior without fear of retaliation. These reports are investigated, and appropriate actions are taken if necessary.

6. Whistleblower Protections: Nurses who report unethical behavior are protected from retaliation under federal laws such as the Whistleblower Protection Act (WPA) and the False Claims Act (FCA). This encourages nurses to speak up when they witness ethical violations.

7. Ethical Consultation Services: Many healthcare organizations have ethics consultation services available to assist healthcare professionals in navigating difficult ethical situations and ensuring that they uphold the Nursing Code of Ethics.

8. Legal Consequences: Violations of the Nursing Code of Ethics can result in legal consequences, including fines, license suspension or revocation, or even criminal charges in severe cases.

9. Continuing Education Requirements: Nurse license renewal often requires completing continuing education courses that include topics related to ethics, reinforcing the importance of upholding ethical standards in nursing practice.

10. Professional Responsibility: Ultimately, it is the individual nurse’s responsibility to uphold the Code of Ethics and ensure ethical standards are being met in their practice. Professional accountability plays a significant role in enforcing ethical standards among nurses.

15. Can a nurse refuse to provide care on moral or ethical grounds, even if it goes against their professional duties?


Yes, nurses have the right to refuse to provide care if it goes against their personal beliefs or values, but only under certain circumstances. According to the American Nurses Association (ANA) Code of Ethics, nurses may refuse care for reasons of conscience as long as they ensure that the patient’s needs are still being met and alternative arrangements for care are made. Additionally, nurses must communicate their decision to their supervisor and follow any applicable procedures or policies for conscientious objection. Refusal of care without proper communication and arranging for alternative care may be considered unethical and can potentially lead to disciplinary action.

16.What are some examples of common ethical dilemmas that nurses face in their daily practice?


1. Confidentiality: Nurses may struggle with maintaining patient confidentiality while also needing to share information with other healthcare team members for optimal care.

2. End-of-Life Care: Nurses may be faced with ethical dilemmas surrounding end-of-life decisions, such as whether to continue life-sustaining treatment or honor a patient’s advance directive.

3. Dealing with Cultural Differences: Nurses may face ethical conflicts when caring for patients from different cultures, such as respecting beliefs and values that may differ from their own.

4. Quality of Care: Nurses may be faced with the ethical dilemma of providing quality care within limited resources and time constraints.

5. Scope of Practice: Nurses may struggle with ethical dilemmas when asked to perform tasks outside of their scope of practice or competence.

6. Patient Autonomy: Nurses must balance patient’s right to make decisions about their care while also ensuring they are making informed decisions in their best interest.

7. Moral Distress: When nurses feel unable to act in accordance with their moral beliefs due to organizational policies or conflicting views, this can result in moral distress and ethical dilemmas.

8. Resource Allocation: Ethical dilemmas can arise when there is a shortage of resources, forcing healthcare professionals to make difficult decisions about who receives certain treatments or interventions.

9. Informed Consent: Ensuring patients have the necessary information before consenting to treatment can create ethical conflicts, especially if they do not fully understand the risks and benefits involved.

10. Reporting Errors and Incidents: Nurses are ethically obligated to report errors and incidents, but this can create conflicts if it involves a colleague or could lead to legal consequences for the nurse themselves.

11. Relationships with Patients: Maintaining professional boundaries and avoiding dual relationships can pose ethical challenges for nurses who form strong connections with their patients.

12. Refusal of Treatment: Ethical dilemmas can arise when patients refuse needed treatment due to personal beliefs or cultural practices that may conflict with healthcare recommendations.

13. Patient Safety: Nurses may face ethical conflicts when balancing patient safety with the need to respect a patient’s autonomy and provide care in accordance with their wishes.

14. Use of Restraints: Nurses must weigh the potential benefits and risks when choosing to use restraints for patient safety, which can create ethical dilemmas surrounding patient rights and dignity.

15. Moral Courage: When faced with an unethical situation or witnessing unethical behavior, nurses may struggle with acting on moral courage to confront the issue.

16. Social Media Use: Nurses must navigate ethical considerations when using social media, ensuring they maintain professional boundaries and confidentiality while also expressing their personal opinions outside of work.

17.How can nurses ensure they maintain confidentiality and privacy when dealing with sensitive patient information as outlined in the code?


1. Ensure that patient information is only discussed with relevant healthcare team members who have a legitimate need to know.

2. Use secure communication methods, such as encrypted emails or password-protected systems, when transmitting sensitive patient information.

3. Store physical patient records in locked cabinets or rooms to prevent unauthorized access.

4. Do not discuss patient information in public areas where it can be overheard by others.

5. Use patients’ first names or initials when discussing their cases, rather than their full names.

6. Avoid using personal electronic devices to access sensitive patient information, as they may not have the same level of security as hospital systems.

7. Obtain written consent from patients before disclosing any of their information to third parties, such as insurance companies or other healthcare facilities.

8. Follow HIPAA guidelines and any other applicable laws and regulations regarding confidentiality and privacy of patient information.

9. Educate patients about their rights to confidentiality and privacy, and encourage them to communicate any concerns they may have.

10. Implement policies and procedures for maintaining confidentiality and privacy, including regular training for all staff members on these topics.

11. Report any potential breaches of confidentiality immediately to the appropriate authorities or supervisor.

12. Respect patients’ cultural, religious, and personal beliefs regarding the sharing of health information.

13. Keep clear and accurate records of all disclosures of patient information in case they are needed for future reference.

14. Be aware of situations where disclosure of sensitive information may be necessary for the safety and well-being of the patient or others involved in their care (e.g., reporting child abuse or harm to oneself).

15. Maintain professional boundaries with patients by not disclosing personal details about your own life or opinions outside of your role as a nurse.

16. Respect patients’ right to review and request changes to their medical records if they believe there are inaccuracies present.

17.Contact your nursing association or regulatory body for guidance if you are unsure about how to handle a specific situation involving confidentiality and privacy.

18.What role do advocacy and social justice play in nursing ethics as stated by this code?


According to this code, advocacy and social justice play a central role in nursing ethics. Nurses have a responsibility to advocate for the rights and dignity of their patients, regardless of their race, ethnicity, religion, culture, sexual orientation, or socioeconomic status. This includes ensuring access to quality healthcare for all individuals and actively working towards addressing health disparities and promoting social justice.

Nurses are also expected to advocate for the profession of nursing itself, working towards improving the ethical standards and professional development of nurses. This can involve engaging in dialogue around ethical issues and participating in efforts to improve healthcare policies and practices.

Overall, advocates and social justice are seen as integral components of nursing ethics, reflecting the profession’s commitment to promoting the well-being and health equity for all individuals.

19.How has technology impacted nursing ethics as described by this code?


Technology has greatly impacted nursing ethics in several ways:

1. Patient Safety: With the advancement of technology, there have been significant improvements in patient safety. From electronic medical records to computerized medication dispensing systems, technology has helped nurses to reduce errors and improve patient outcomes.

2. Respect for Privacy and Confidentiality: The use of technology in nursing practice has raised concerns about privacy and confidentiality. Nurses are required to follow strict guidelines to protect patient data from being accessed by unauthorized individuals.

3. Ethical Dilemmas: The use of technology can sometimes create ethical dilemmas for nurses. For example, with the increasing use of telehealth, nurses may face challenges in maintaining patient confidentiality and building a therapeutic relationship without a physical presence.

4. Autonomy and Informed Consent: As more health-related information becomes readily available online, nurses must ensure that patients are fully informed before making decisions about their care. This includes providing them with accurate information about potential risks and benefits of treatments and procedures.

5. Professional Boundaries: Technology has blurred the lines between personal and professional communication, which can lead to boundary violations for nurses. It is essential for nurses to maintain professional boundaries while using technology in their practice.

6. Equal Access to Care: Technology has made healthcare more accessible for individuals who live in remote areas or have limited mobility. However, it is important for nurses to ensure that all patients have equal access to care regardless of their access or knowledge of technology.

7. Adapting to Changing Technology: As technology continues to rapidly advance, nurses must continuously adapt and update their skills to effectively use new tools in their practice.

In summary, while technology has improved patient care and efficiency in nursing practice, it also presents new ethical challenges that require constant attention and consideration by nurses in upholding their ethical responsibilities as stated in the nursing code of ethics.

20.In what ways does this code promote collaboration and communication among interdisciplinary healthcare teams?


1. Shared goals and objectives: The code outlines common goals and objectives for all healthcare professionals, regardless of their discipline. This promotes collaboration by encouraging all team members to work towards the same goal.

2. Clear roles and responsibilities: By defining the specific roles and responsibilities of each healthcare professional, the code promotes effective communication and collaboration. Team members understand their own scope of practice as well as that of others, reducing potential conflicts or gaps in care.

3. Respect for diversity: The code highlights the importance of respecting diversity in both patients and healthcare professionals. This creates an inclusive environment that encourages open communication and collaboration among team members from different backgrounds.

4. Team-based approach to care: The code emphasizes teamwork and a collaborative approach to patient care. This means that healthcare professionals must work together to develop treatment plans, share information and resources, and support each other’s contributions to patient care.

5. Effective communication skills: Effective communication is crucial for successful collaboration in interdisciplinary teams. The code promotes the development of strong communication skills, such as active listening, empathy, and clear and respectful communication.

6. Conflict resolution: Despite best efforts, conflicts may arise in interdisciplinary teams due to differences in opinions or approaches to patient care. The code provides guidance on how to address conflicts in a respectful and productive manner, fostering better communication and collaboration within the team.

7. Continual learning and improvement: The code encourages continuous learning and professional development among healthcare professionals from different disciplines. This creates a culture of learning within interdisciplinary teams where team members can learn from each other’s expertise, leading to improved collaboration.

8. Interdisciplinary education: Many institutions have implemented interdisciplinary education programs based on this code or similar principles, bringing together students from different healthcare professions for training purposes. This early exposure helps foster positive relationships among future colleagues who will be part of interdisciplinary teams.

9. Patient-centered focus: Ultimately, effective collaboration among interdisciplinary healthcare teams is centered around providing the best possible care for patients. The code recognizes this and emphasizes the importance of putting patients’ needs first, promoting a shared focus on patient well-being and satisfaction among all team members.

10. Evaluating and sharing outcomes: The code encourages healthcare professionals to regularly evaluate the outcomes of their collaborative efforts and share them with others in their team. This promotes a culture of accountability and transparency, which can further improve collaboration among team members.

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